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Index of Plant Families (6 families in this page)

BORAGINACEAE
Borage
Click to go to the BORAGINACEAE family.
CALLITRICHACEAE
Water Starwort
Click to go to the CALLITRICHACEAE family.
CONVOLVULACEAE
BindWeed
Click to go to the CONVOLVULACEAE family.
HYDROPHYLLACEAE
Waterleaf
Click to go to the HYDROPHYLLACEAE family.
LAMIACEAE
Mint
Click to go to the LAMIACEAE family.
VERBENACEAE
Verbain
Click to go to the VERBENACEAE family.
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BORAGINACEAE

Borage Family

 The Boraginaceae are herbs, shrubs or trees comprising about 100 genera and 2,000 species that have flowers in helicoid cymes and often have herbage that is coarsely hairy or very bristly. The leaves are simple, mostly entire, and alternate; stipules are lacking. The flowers are nearly always bisexual and actinomorphic. The calyx consists of 5 distinct or connate (fused to form a funnel-shape) sepals. The corolla is 5-merous (subdivided into 5 lines of symmetry), have symmetrical petals, and often has small appendages in the throat. The androecium (male reproductive organs) consists of 5 distinct stamens fused to the inside of the corolla (flower) tube or perigynous zone and alternate with the corolla lobes. The gynoecium (female reproductive organs) consists of a single compound pistil of 2 carpels, a single style, and a superior, often deeply 4-lobed ovary with 4 locules, each containing a single basal-axile ovule. The flower clusters are often one sided on the stem and at least slightly coiled, and at times during development resemble the scroll of a violin. An annular nectary disk is sometimes present. The fruit consists of 4 1-seeded nutlets or a 1-4-seeded nut or drupe.
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Anchusa italica
Retzius

Italian Bugloss,
Large Blue Alkanet,
Garden Anchusa 		Lsien Il-Fart Ikħal Apr-Jun Anchusa italica / Italian Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Anchusa azurea
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Borago officinalis
L.

Common Borage Fidloqqom Dec-May Borago officinalis / Common Borage Detailed Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands This plant has shown to have medicinal properties that have been scientifically tested in Malta Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Cerinthe major
L.

Honeywort Qniepen Feb-Apr Cerinthe major / Honeywort Detailed Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Cynoglossum creticum
Miller

Blue Hound's Tongue Ilsien Il-Kelb Feb-May Cynoglossum creticum / Blue Hound's Tongue Detailed Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Echium arenarium
Gussone

Coastal Viper's Bugloss Lsien Il-fart Tar-ramel,
Lsien Il-fart Tax-xtut 		Feb-Jun Echium arenarium / Coastal Viper's Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Echium candicans
Jacquin

Pride Of Madeira No Name Apr-Jul Echium candicans / Pride of Madeira Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Echium fastuasum
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Echium italicum
L.

Pale Bugloss,
Italian Viper's Bugloss 		Ilsien Il-fart Abjad Apr-Jun Echium italicum / Pale Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Echium parviflorum
Moench

Small-flowered Viper's Bugloss Lsien Il-fart żgħir Jan-Jun Echium parviflorum / Small-flowered Viper's Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Echium calycinum
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Echium plantagineum
L.

Purple Viper's Bugloss,
Paterson's Curse,
Salvation Jane 		Lsien Il-fart Vjola Mar-May Echium plantagineum / Purple Viper's Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Echium lycopsis
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Echium sabulicola
Pomel

Sand Viper's Bugloss Lsien Il-fart Tax-xatt Apr-May Echium sabulicola / Sand Viper's Bugloss Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Heliotropium curassavicum
L.

Salt Heliotrope,
Seaside Heliotrope,
Quailplant 		No Name Mar-Oct Heliotropium curassavicum / Salt Heliotrope -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Data soon to be updated...
Heliotropium europaeum
L.

Common Heliotrope,
Potato Weed,
European Heliotrope 		Vanilja Bajda Jun-Sep Heliotropium europaeum / Common Heliotrope Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Lithospermum arvense
L.

Field Gromwell,
Corn Gromwell 		No Name Jan-May Lithospermum arvense / Field Gromwell -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Buglossoides arvense
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Myosotis ramosissima
Rochel

Early Forget-me-not Widnet Il-ġurdien Mar-May Myosotis ramosissima / Early Forget-me-not Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Myosotis collina
DOUBTFUL ? (It is not yet established if this species is Native or not) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Neatostema apulum
(L.) I.M. Johnston

Yellow Gromwell No Name Mar-Apr Neatostema apulum / Yellow Gromwell Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Lithospermum apulum
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)




CALLITRICHACEAE

Water Starwort Family

 Annual or perennial monoecious herbs with opposite leaves. Flowers axillary. Perianth absent. 1 stamen only. Ovary 4-locular, with 1 anatropous, pendulous ovule in each loculus. Styles 2, filiform. Fruit separating into (2-) 4 mericarps. Seeds with fleshy endosperm.
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Callitriche truncata
Gussone

Southern Water Starwort Erba Gamberaja Dec-Apr Callitriche truncata / Southern Water Starwort -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HYDROPHYTE (Living in/on water)




CONVOLVULACEAE

BindWeed Family

 The Convolvulaceae are mostly twining herbs or shrubs, sometimes with milky sap, comprising about 85 genera and 2,800 species that are further characterised by almost always having the flowers solitary or in terminal or axillary cymose inflorescence with opposite branching below the flower which terminates each axis. The leaves are simple, though sometimes lobed to pinnatisect, and alternate; stipules are absent. The flowers are symmetrical about more than one vertical plane, often showy, and nearly always bisexual. The calyx, corolla and androecial whorls are 5-merous. The sepals of the calyx are usually distinct but the corolla strongly have symmetrical arranged petals, plaited (folded), and often rotate or trumpet shaped with lobes which are not prominent or readily noticeable. The stamens are often unequal, and are fused to the base of the corolla tube and alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium, the female part, consists of a single compound pistil of 2 or rarely up to 5 carpels, usually an unbranched or 2-cleft style, and a superior ovary (located above the level of attachment of the other floral parts) made of 2 or sometimes up to 5 locules. Each locule has 1 or 2 axile ovules. A prominent annular nectary disk is usually present around the base of the ovary. The fruit is usually a loculicidal capsule.
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Calystegia soldanella
(L.) Roemer & schultes

Sea Bindweed,
Sand Bindweed 		Leblieb Tar-ramel,
Leblieb Tal-baħar 		Apr-May Calystegia soldanella / Sea Bindweed -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Convolvulus soldanella
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VI of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: GEOPHYTE (Bulbous/Rhizomous plants)
Calystegia sylvatica
(Kitaibel) Grisebach

Great Bindweed No Name May-Jun Calystegia sylvatica / Great Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Calystegia sepium var. silvatica
DOUBTFUL ? (It is not yet established if this species is Native or not) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Calystegia x lucana
(Tenore) G. Don

No Name No Name Jun-Jul Calystegia x lucana / no name Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
DOUBTFUL ? (It is not yet established if this species is Native or not) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Convolvulus althaeoides
L.

Mallow Bindweed,
Riviera Bindweed 		Leblieb Roża,
Leblieb Tax-xagħri 		Mar-Jun Convolvulus althaeoides / Mallow Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands This plant has shown to have medicinal properties that have been scientifically tested in Malta Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Convolvulus arvensis
L.

Field BindWeed,
Lesser Bindweed 		Leblieba Tar-Raba May-Sep Convolvulus arvensis / Field BindWeed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: GEOPHYTE (Bulbous/Rhizomous plants)
Convolvulus cantabrica
L.

Southern Bindweed No Name Apr-Jun Convolvulus cantabrica / Southern Bindweed Detailed Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Convolvulus elegantissimus
Miller

Silvery Mallow-Leaved BindWeed Leblieba Tax-Xagħri,
Leblieb Roża 		Apr-Jul Convolvulus elegantissimus / Silvery Mallow-Leaved BindWeed -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Convolvulus althaeoides subsp. tenuissimus
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Convolvulus lineatus
L.

Narrow-leaved Bindweed,
Pygmy Bindweed 		Leblieb Abjad,
Leblieb Tax-xatt 		Mar-Jun Convolvulus lineatus / Narrow-leaved Bindweed Detailed Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Convolvulus oleifolius
Desrousseaux

Pink Bindweed,
Olive-leaved Bindweed 		Leblieb Tal-Irdum,
Leblieb Tal-blat 		Mar-Oct Convolvulus oleifolius / Pink Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule III of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Convolvulus pentapetaloides
L.

Two-coloured Bindweed,
Grassy Bindweed 		Leblieb żgħir Mar-Jun Convolvulus pentapetaloides / Two-coloured Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Convolvulus siculus
L.

Blue Bindweed,
Small Bindweed 		Leblieb Tal-werqa Tleqq Mar-Jun Convolvulus siculus / Blue Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Convolvulus tricolor
(Todaro) Cavara & Grande

Three-coloured Bindweed,
Dwarf Morning Glory 		Lebliebi Kħal Apr-May Convolvulus tricolor / Three-coloured Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Cressa cretica
L.

Mediterranean Bindweed,
Grey-leaved Marsh Cresse,
Salt Cresse 		Kressa May-Jul Cressa cretica / Mediterranean Bindweed Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VI of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Cuscuta campestris
Yuncker

Western Field Dodder,
Golden Dodder,
Field Dodder 		Pittma Tal-Amerika Dec-Apr Cuscuta campestris / Western Field Dodder Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Cuscuta pentagona
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Cuscuta epithymum
(L.) L.

Dodder,
Clover Dodder,
Thyme Dodder 		Pittma Mar-Apr Cuscuta epithymum / Dodder Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Cuscuta monogyna
Vahl

No Name No Name Feb-Apr Cuscuta monogyna / no name Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Ipomoea alba
L.

Moonflower Vine,
Moon Vine 		No Name Mar-Jul Ipomoea alba / Moonflower vine Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Ipomoea bona-nox
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: MacroPHANEROPHYTE (High trees)
Ipomoea cairica
(L.) Sweet

Ivy-leaved Morning Glory,
Mile A Minute Vine 		No Name All Year Ipomoea cairica / Ivy-leaved Morning Glory -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Convolvulus cairica
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: MacroPHANEROPHYTE (High trees)
Ipomoea indica
(Burmann) Merrill

Ocean Blue Morning Glory,
Blue Dawnflower 		No Name Apr-Nov Ipomoea indica / Ocean Blue Morning Glory Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Convolvulus indica
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: MacroPHANEROPHYTE (High trees)
Ipomoea purpurea
(L.) Roth

Common Morning Glory No Name Jul-Oct Ipomoea purpurea / Common Morning Glory Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)




HYDROPHYLLACEAE

Waterleaf Family

 Description text for this family is under progress and unavailable at the moment ...
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Wigandia caracasana
Kunth

Wigandia No Name Jun-Sep Wigandia caracasana / Wigandia Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Wigandia urens var. caracasana
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: MacroPHANEROPHYTE (High trees)




LAMIACEAE

Mint Family

 The Lamiaceae are mostly herbs or shrubs comprising about 200 genera and 3,200 species, commonly with aromatic, herbage, quadrangular stems, and verticillate inflorescences. The leaves are opposite or whorled, and are simple or occasionally pinnately compound; stipules are absent. The flowers are bisexual and zygomorphic. The calyx is synsepalous, typically 5-merous, sometimes 2-lipped, and usually has 5-15 conspicuous ribs. The corolla is sympetalous and typically bilabiate with 2 lobes forming an upper lip and 3 lobes forming a lower lip. The androecium consists of either 4 didynamous stamens or only two stamens that are adnate to the corolla tube or perigynous zone, alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium consists of a single compound ovary of 2 carpels, a single gynobasic style, and a deeply 4-lobed superior ovary with 4 apparent locules (by intrusion of the ovary wall), each with a single basal-axile ovule. A hypogynous, often asymmetric nectariferous disk is generally present between the stamens and ovary. The fruit consists of four 1-seeded nutlets that rarely may be fleshy and drupaceous.
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Ajuga iva
(L.) Schreber

Southern Bugle Xantkura Mar-Nov Ajuga iva / Southern Bugle Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Ajuga iva subsp. pseudoiva
(DC.) Briquet

Yellow Southern Bugle Xantkura Safra Mar-Nov Ajuga iva subsp. pseudoiva / Yellow Southern Bugle -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Ajuga iva subsp. Pseudoiva
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Ballota nigra subsp. uncinata
(Fiori & Bèguinot) Patzak

Black Horehound Marrubja Sewda Oct-Nov Ballota nigra subsp. uncinata / Black Horehound -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Calamintha nepeta
(L.) Savi

Lesser Calaminth,
Nepitella,
Basil Thyme 		Kalaminta Oct-Apr Calamintha nepeta / Lesser Calaminth -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Satureia nepeta
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Lamium amplexicaule
L.

Henbit Dead Nettle,
Common Henbit,
Giraffe Head 		Kapilliera Dec-Apr Lamium amplexicaule / Henbit Dead Nettle -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Lavandula angustifolia
Miller

Common Lavender,
True Lavender 		No Name May-Sep Lavandula angustifolia / Common Lavender Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Lavandula officinalis
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Lavandula dentata
L.

French Lavender,
Fringed Lavender 		No Name Jun-Nov Lavandula dentata / French Lavender Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Lavandula multifida
L.

Fern-leaved Lavender,
Egyptian Lavender,
French Lace Lavender 		No Name May-Sep Lavandula multifida / Fern-leaved Lavender -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Marrubium vulgare
L.

White Horehound,
Common Horehound 		Marrubja Bajda Apr-Jun Marrubium vulgare / White Horehound Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Melissa officinalis
L.

Balm,
Lemon Balm 		Nagħniegħ In-naħal,
Burieħa,
Melissa 		May-Jul Melissa officinalis / Balm Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Although not yet protected by law, this species is very rare and should not be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Mentha aquatica
L.

Water Mint Nagħniegħ Selvaġġ Jun-Nov Mentha aquatica / Water Mint Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This species is believed to have become extinct from our islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Mentha pulegium
L.

Peppermint,
Pennroyal Mint 		Plejju Apr-Jul Mentha pulegium / Peppermint Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Mentha spicata
L.

Spear Mint Nagħniegħ,
Nagħniegħ Tal-ikel 		May-Aug Mentha spicata / Spear Mint Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Mentha viridis
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: GEOPHYTE (Bulbous/Rhizomous plants)
Mentha suaveolens
Ehrhart

Round-leaved Mint Nagħniegħ Selvaġġ May-Oct Mentha suaveolens / Round-leaved Mint Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Mentha rotundifolia
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VI of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Mentha x piperita
L.

Peppermint Nagħniegħ Tas-seba' Rwejjaħ Jul-Oct Mentha x piperita / Peppermint Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Mentha balsamea
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Micromeria graeca
(L.) Bentham

Greek Savory,
Pink Micromeria 		Sagħtrija Griega Mar-Jul Micromeria graeca / Greek Savory Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Satureja graeca
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Micromeria microphylla
(D'urv) Benth.

Maltese Savory Xpakkapietra,
Xkattapietra,
Sagħtrija 		All Year Micromeria microphylla / Maltese savory Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Satureja microphylla
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Ocimum basilicum
L.

Basil,
Common Basil 		Ħabaq Apr-Nov Ocimum basilicum / Basil Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Origanum dictamnus
L.

Dittany,
Dittany Of Crete,
Hop Marjoram 		Riegnu Ta' Ġnien Il-Kbir May-Sep Origanum dictamnus / Dittany Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Dictamnus creticus
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule III of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Origanum majorana
L.

Marjoram,
Sweet Organic 		Riegnu May-Sep Origanum majorana / Marjoram Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Origanum onites
L.

White Marjoram,
Pot Marjoram 		No Name May-Sep Origanum onites / White Marjoram Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Majorana onites
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Origanum vulgare
L.

Oregano,
Wild Marjoram,
Greek Oregano 		Riegnu May-Sep Origanum vulgare / Oregano Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
CASUAL ALIEN (Introduced in our islands but not invasive, hence found casually) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Phlomis fruticosa
L.

Great Sage Salvja Tal-Madonna Apr-Jun Phlomis fruticosa / Great Sage Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands This plant has shown to have medicinal properties that have been scientifically tested in Malta Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Plectranthus amboinicus
(Lour.) Spreng.

Cuban Oregano,
Spanish Thyme,
Mexican Thyme 		No Name Feb-Jun Plectranthus amboinicus / Cuban oregano Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Coleus amboinicus
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Prasium majus
L.

White Hedge-Nettle,
Mediterranean Prasium 		Te' Sqalli Dec-Jun Prasium majus / White Hedge-Nettle Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Rosmarinus officinalis
L.

Rosemary Klin All Year Rosmarinus officinalis / Rosemary Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Salvia fruticosa
Miller

Three-lobed Sage Salvja Ta' Sqallija May-Aug Salvia fruticosa / Three-lobed Sage -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Salvia triloba
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Salvia officinalis
L.

Common Sage Salvja Tal-ikel May-Aug Salvia officinalis / Common Sage Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule VIII of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Salvia verbenaca
L.

Wild Sage,
Wild Clary 		Salvja Selvaġġa Oct-Jun Salvia verbenaca / Wild Sage Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Sideritis romana
L.

Common Siderits,
Simplebeak Ironwort 		Sideritis Apr-Jun Sideritis romana / Common Siderits Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Stachys ocymastrum
(L.) Briquet

Hairy Woundwort,
Yellow Woundwort,
Italian Hedge-nettle 		Betonika Mar-May Stachys ocymastrum / Hairy Woundwort -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: THEROPHYTE (Annuals)
Teucrium flavum
L.

Yellow Germander Borgħom Komuni May-Jul Teucrium flavum / Yellow Germander Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)
Teucrium fruticans
L.

Olive-leaved Germander,
Evergreen Germander 		Żebbuġija Dec-Jun Teucrium fruticans / Olive-leaved Germander -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides
(Schreber) Arcangeli

Water Germander Borgħom Tal-ilma Apr-Aug Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides / Water Germander -
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) This is a VERY RARE species. Never pick up or harm the plant! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule III of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Thymbra capitata
(L.) Cavanilles

Mediterranean Thyme Sagħtar May-Jul Thymbra capitata / Mediterranean Thyme Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Thymbrus capitatus
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule III of legal notice LN311/2006) and cannot be picked or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: CHAMEOPHYTE (Subshrubs)




VERBENACEAE

Verbain Family

 Description text for this family is under progress and unavailable at the moment ...
Botanical Name Common Name Maltese Name Flowering Period Thumbnail Picture Profile Type
Duranta repens
L.

Golden Dewdrop,
Sky Flower 		No Name All Year Duranta repens / Golden Dewdrop Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Duranta erecta
Cultivated for agricultural or horticultural purposes but can be found in the wild as an escape Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Lantana camara
L.

Lantana,
Spanish Flag 		Lantana All Year Lantana camara / Lantana Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Lantana armata
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Lantana montevidensis
L.

Trailing Lantana Lantana Xeblieka All Year Lantana montevidensis / Trailing Lantana Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)
Lippia nodiflora
L.

Lippia,
Creeping Lip Plant,
Turkey Tangle Fogfruit 		No Name Jun-Jul Lippia nodiflora / Lippia Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   Lippia repens
ALIEN (Introduced in our islands from foreign countries) This is a RARE species. Please do not pick up! Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Verbena officinalis
L.

Common Verbena,
Vervain,
Herb-of-the-cross 		Buqexrem Apr-Dec Verbena officinalis / Common Verbena Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically Not Protected by Law (LN200/2011 or LN311/2006) Not listed the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: HEMICRYPTOPHYTE (Creeping plants)
Vitex agnus-castus
L.

Chaste Tree,
Monk's Pepper,
Virgin Bush 		Siġret Il-virgi,
Għadib,
Bżar Il-Patrijiet 		May-Sep Vitex agnus-castus / Chaste Tree Short Profile
with

images.
Main Synonym :
   No main synonyms for this taxon
INDIGENOUS (originating from the Maltese islands) Species considered not rare in the Maltese Islands Medicinal properties not proven scientifically PROTECTED by law (schedule I of legal notice LN200/2011) and cannot be pruned or harmed Listed in the National Red Data Book (Edwin Lanfranco, 1989) Life form classification: NanoPHANEROPHYTE (Small trees / Large shrubs)


All material and data on this webpage is under the copyright of the author of this site - Stephen Mifsud / www.MaltaWildPlants.com / Malta. (2002-2011)
This research project about the flora of Malta is partly financed or sponsored by:
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